This is one portion of a team assignment It has to be at least 250 words with 2 references Plant 2011 being one of them the other reference has to be a peer reviewed article. It is very important you are accurate. Word analysis of the O J Simpson case study, in which you demonstrate an application of clinical psychology in a real-world situation, I need details Case Study Question?-- Discuss the biological, psychological, and social factors involved in your selected case I need 2 references ( Plante, 2010) as 1-- and one more peer reviewed article Plante, T. G., (2010). What is Contemporary clinical psychology? Contemporary clinical psychology, third edition. ISBN 9780470587393. John Wiley & Sons Inc. the link for the case study is below.
THE CASE OF O. J. SIMPSON
O. J. Simpson literally and figuratively ran to the
forefront of the American consciousness. We first
knew him as a dazzling running back at the
University of Southern California (USC), where he
won the Heisman Trophy. Then he went to the pros
with the Buffalo Bills and the San Francisco
49ers where he was the first running back to gain
2,000 yards in one season and was named to the
Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985. We next saw
him running through airports in Hertz Rent-A-Car
commercials, during the time when he also had
some previously forgettable roles in movies such
as The Towering Inferno and The Naked Gun and
was a commentator on ABC Sports' Monday Night
Football. However, he had become an American
icon, or, as one television executive commented,
"He was Michael Jordan before Michael Jordan."
Tragically, his running that most people now
remember was when we saw him running on
Friday night, June 17, 1994, when the nation
watched the police pursue him in his white Ford
Bronco, along with his friend Al Cowlings, in
an almost funereal march down a Los Angeles
freeway. In sum, until June 17, 1994, the public's
CA S E
S T U DY
perception of O. J. Simpson, in addition to
appreciation of his substantial athletic talent, was
of an easygoing, articulate individual--that is, as
normal, if not much more normal, as anyone in
the public eye. After that date, information kept
accumulating to suggest a very different picture.
O. J. was born on July 9, 1947, and was named
Orenthal James Simpson, the name Orenthal
coming from an obscure French actor. His
early childhood appears to have been relatively
unremarkable, although his father had abandoned
the family when O. J. was just a toddler. A reaction
against his awareness that his father was both
gay and dysfunctional may in part explain O. J.'s
alleged "macho" patterns. His mother, Eunice, a
strong and supportive figure throughout his life,
raised O. J. and his three siblings by working as
an orderly on a psychiatric ward.
Ironically, the boy who was to grow up to be
one of the greatest running backs in football history
was called "Pencil Legs" as a child and had to
wear leg braces until age 5 because of a diagnosed
case of rickets along with a calcium deficiency.
He remained pigeon-toed and bowlegged, and
his deformed extremities contrasted with his
large head, subjugating him to taunts such as
"Headquarters" and "Waterhead."
However, as O. J. developed into adolescence,
he moved from defense to offense. Although he
was probably never a hard-core delinquent, he
came close. In junior high school, he became a
bully, and at age 14, he joined a "fighting gang,"
the Persian Warriors. He received his sexual
initiation from the gang's "ladies auxiliary," and
also managed to get caught stealing from a local
liquor store. The myth is that a talk with baseball
legend Willie Mays pushed him back onto a
positive path. Reality is that his mother's directing
him toward a small private Catholic school placed
him with a much more positive peer group and
also allowed him to attain a more positive identity
by demonstrating his emerging athletic skills. He
did so, leading the city in scoring his senior year.
Recruiters came flocking. But, contrary to his
image, O. J. was never overly bright, nor was he a
good student, and he didn't have adequate grades
for a major college. So he enrolled in the City
College of San Francisco. He starred in football and
was able to get grades that were at least adequate
(and, in those days, adequate wasn't much) to
accept a scholarship at USC. There, he became an
All-American, won the Heisman Trophy in 1968,
and gained "polish." He learned to dress well, to
talk well, and to communicate an amiable and
easy-going image. However, he was not a studentscholar
and dropped out before earning his degree.
But he went on to stardom while a pro and then
gradually developed into an American icon, a
beloved and almost universally recognized hero.
O. J.'s private life was less admirable. He was
reputed as a chronic womanizer, but he told us
that his devout Baptist wife "brings the Lord into
our house and helps me when I sway" (and he
swayed a lot). Although he stayed married for 11
years to Marguerite, the marriage was marked by
several separations and by O. J.'s womanizing.
He also reportedly abused Marguerite. He denied
this. He was believed, as was often the case
(Kubany, McCaig, & Laconsay, 2004).
He reportedly had a drug problem. He clearly
did use marijuana. A Buffalo television station
reported that the owner of a bar that Simpson
frequented stated that O. J. had been snorting
coke during his years with the Bills and twice
came very close to being busted. In any case, O. J.
was believed--at least by the NFL. He told
Playboy magazine that he had experimented with
drugs (marijuana) only once, as an adolescent,
but that he "just pretended to take a hit." Even
President Bill Clinton didn't try to say he "only
pretended," just that he didn't inhale. Clinton
was not believed; O. J. was.
In the most publicized abuse incident, on New
Year's Eve of 1989, during his second marriage,
a hysterical and severely bruised Nicole came
out of the bushes in a bra and underpants to
report "He's going to kill me" to the officers
responding to a 911 call. When O. J. came out,
he said, "I got two women and I don't want that
woman anymore," shouted at the officers, and
drove off. But Nicole later refused to testify, and
charges were dropped. O. J. told Frank Olsen,
the CEO for Hertz (who paid O. J. a great deal as
its advertising spokesperson), and the public that
it was only an argument and was "no big deal
and there was nothing to it." Olsen, Hertz, and
the public believed. We all wanted to believe,
and our behavior may be a form of abnormal
behavior, as it is certainly maladaptive.
O. J. had met his second wife, Nicole Brown,
then 18 years old, in June 1977 at a nightclub
where she was waitressing. This was just before
celebrating his tenth wedding anniversary with
Marguerite, who was carrying their third child.
O. J. and Nicole were quickly involved, but O. J.
and Marguerite were not divorced until later, in
1980. The relationship with Nicole was stormy
from the beginning, as he was very controlling
(and she no doubt contributed in some fashion)
and was easily made jealous, although he was
reportedly already consistently unfaithful to her.
When Nicole became pregnant in 1985, they
worked out a complex prenuptial agreement
and were married. The child was born on October
17, 1985. Nine days before, the police made
their first documented response to a distress call
at 360 Rockingham. O. J. had knocked the front
window out of the car with a baseball bat, and
the responding officer found Nicole sitting on the
hood of the car. Nothing came of it. During the
next four years, until the New Year's episode,
Nicole made at least 8 and up to 30 distress calls.
(It is unclear how many there were because no
charges were filed.)
After the New Year's episode the marriage
went further downhill, marked by drug and
alcohol abuse by both O. J. and Nicole and by
public and private conflict. The divorce was
finalized in October 1992. Nevertheless, O. J.
and Nicole periodically reconciled and split
up from that time until Nicole was killed late
Sunday night of June 12, 1994.
There is evidence that just prior to the killings,
O. J. was getting clearer messages from Nicole
that there was no longer any chance whatsoever
of a reconciliation. Also, at 7:00 A.M., 15 hours
before the killings, Paula Barbieri, a model who
was dating O. J., left a message on his phone
recorder that his relationship with her was also
over. Though this was not revealed until after the
criminal trial, another model, Gretchen Stockdale,
testified during the first trial, but outside the
jury's presence, that O. J. had left her a phone
message about three hours before the slayings,
saying he was "finally . . . totally unattached with
everybody."
Much of the data would at least suggest that O.
J. killed Nicole, along with Ronald Goldman, who
was returning a pair of sunglasses she had left at a
restaurant. Goldman was also a friend of Nicole's
and possibly a lover. Note that O. J. did make a
pledge to continually work to find the true killer;
apparently he feels certain that the killer will
most likely be found on a golf course in Florida.
Despite significant enough evidence to hold O. J.
civilly accountable for the murders of Nicole and
Mr. Goldman, many still hold on to the belief that
O. J. was innocent or in some way had deserved
a break. O. J. has continued to have significant
legal problems. Most recently, in 2007, O. J.
Simpson was arrested, charged, and found guilty
of multiple felonies, including criminal conspiracy,
armed robbery, and kidnapping, after an
incident where he took sports memorabilia from
a man at a Las Vegas hotel at gunpoint. He was
sentenced to a total of 33 years in prison with the
possibility of parole in 2016 and currently resides
in the Lovelock Correctional Center.
Meyer, R. G. & Weaver, C. (2013). Case studies in abnormal behavior.(9th ed). Pearson.